Lesson 13: Overview of energy and matter transformation
- Complete set of 10 Biology Quiz with answers
Question 1: Assimilation is
A. The set of all biochemical reactions occurring within the cell.
B. Set of a sequence of successive reactions.
C. The process of synthesizing complex organic substances from simple substances.
D. The process of breaking down complex organic substances into simple ones.
The answer:
Assimilation is the process of synthesizing complex organic substances from simple ones, and at the same time accumulating energy – in the form of chemical energy.
The answer to choose is:
Question 2: The process of synthesizing complex organic substances from simple substances, and at the same time accumulating energy is a process.
A. Assimilation.
B. Catabolism.
C. Photosynthesis.
D. Respiration.
The answer:
Assimilation is the process of synthesizing complex organic substances from simple ones, and at the same time accumulating energy – in the form of chemical energy.
The answer to choose is: A
Question 3: Catabolism is
A. The set of all biochemical reactions occurring within the cell.
B. Set of a sequence of successive reactions.
C. The process of synthesizing complex organic substances from simple substances.
D. The process of breaking down complex organic substances into simple ones.
The answer:
Catabolism is the process of breaking down complex organic substances into simpler ones, while releasing energy.
The answer to choose is: EASY
Question 4: The process of catabolism is associated with the phenomenon:
A. Energy storage
B. Release energy.
C. Synthesis of organic matter
D. Converting kinetic energy into potential energy
The answer:
Catabolism is the process of breaking down complex organic substances into simpler ones and releasing energy
The answer to choose is: GET
Question 5: An important stage in the energy conversion process of the living world is reactions
A. Redox.
B. Hydrolysis.
C. Decomposition of substances.
D. Synthesis of substances.
The answer:
An important step in the energy conversion of the living world is redox reactions.
The answer to choose is: A
Question 6: “The energy currency of the cell” is the preferred name for which high-energy compound?
A. NADPH
B. ATP
C. ADP
D. FADH2
The answer:
“The energy currency of the cell” is the name for ATP
The answer to choose is: GET
Question 7: Regarding ATP, which of the following statements is not true?
A. As a high-energy compound
B. Is the energy currency of the cell
C. Is the compound that contains the most energy in the cell
D. Born in the process of metabolizing matter and used in the living activities of cells
The answer:
ATP is a high-energy compound consisting of an adenine base with 3 phosphate groups and a ribosome sugar; is born in the process of metabolizing matter and used in the living activities of cells and is considered as the “energy currency of the cell”.
The answer to choose is:
Question 8: Adenozine triphosphate is the full name of which of the following compounds?
A. ARP
B. ANP
C. APP
D. ATP
The answer:
Adenozine triphosphate is the full name for the compound ATP.
The answer to choose is: EASY
Question 9: ATP is made up of 3 components:
A. Adenosine, ribosome sugar, 3 phosphate groups.
B. Adenosine, deoxyribose sugar, 3 phosphate groups.
C. Adenine, ribosome sugar, 3 phosphate groups.
D. Adenine, deoxyribose sugar, 3 phosphate groups.
The answer:
ATP (Adenozine triphosphate): consists of 1 base of adenine linked to 3 phosphate groups and a ribosome sugar.
The answer to choose is:
Question 10: ATP is made up of 3 components:
A. Base nitrogen adenozin, ribozo sugar, 2 phosphate groups
B. Base nitrogen adenozin, deoxiribozo sugar, 3 phosphate groups
C. Base nitro adenine, ribozo sugar, 3 phosphate groups
D. Base nitro adenine, sugar deoxiribozo, 1 phosphate group
The answer:
ATP (Adenozine triphosphate): consists of 1 base of adenine linked to 3 phosphate groups and a ribosome sugar.
The answer to choose is:
Question 11: ATP transfers energy to other compounds by transferring the final phosphate group to those substances to become
A. Nitrogen base adenine
B. ADP
C. Ribose sugar
D. High-energy compound
The answer:
ATP transfers energy to other compounds by transferring the final phosphate group to those substances to become ADP
The answer to choose is: GET
Question 12: The P ~ P bond in the ATP molecule is easy to break to release energy, the reason is
A. The ATP molecule is an energy-rich substance
B. The ATP molecule contains three phosphate groups
C. The phosphate groups are negatively charged, so they repel each other
D. This is a strong link
The answer:
The P ~ P bond in the ATP molecule is easy to break to release energy because the phosphate groups are all negatively charged, so they tend to repel each other.
The answer to choose is:
Question 13: In the ATP molecule, there are 3 phosphate groups, so they are:
A. Weak performance
B. Strong attraction leads to easy molecule formation
C. Both are negatively charged, so they tend to repel each other, releasing energy
D. Easy to bond with other molecules
The answer:
The P ~ P bond in the ATP molecule is easy to break to release energy because the phosphate groups are all negatively charged, so they tend to repel each other.
The answer to choose is:
Question 14: Does ATP provide energy for processes?
A. Cell biosynthesis
B. Transport of substances
C. Mechanical work
D. All the above processes
The answer:
ATP is mainly produced in mitochondria to function:
Provides energy for cellular biosynthetic processes.
– Provides energy for the transport of substances across the membrane (active transport).
– Provide energy for mechanical work: muscle contraction, movement.
The answer to choose is: EASY
Question 15: Which of the following activities does not require energy from ATP?
A. Grows in green plants
B. Diffusion of solutes across the cell membrane
C. Muscle contraction in animals
D. Active transport of substances across the plasma membrane
The answer:
Diffusion of solutes across the cell membrane does not require energy from ATP because it is a passive transport (from an area of high solute concentration to a lower concentration).
The answer to choose is: GET
Question 16: In the cell, ATP does NOT play which of the following roles?
A. Provides energy for mechanical work.
B. Provides energy for cells to transport substances across membranes
C. Catalyst for the synthesis of all substances.
D. Provides energy for cells to synthesize substances.
The answer:
ATP has no catalytic role.
The answer to choose is:
Question 17: Which of the following cellular activities does NOT use ATP energy?
A. Active transportation
B. Passive transport
C. Synthesis of substances
D. Mechanical work.
The answer:
Passive transport does not consume ATP energy.
The answer to choose is: GET
Question 18: When talking about matter and energy metabolism, which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. Metabolism is a collection of reactions that occur outside the cell.
B. Metabolism of matter includes two processes: anabolism and catabolism.
C. Metabolism helps cells perform the characteristics of life such as growth, development, induction, and reproduction.
D. Transformation of matter is always accompanied by transformation of energy.
The answer:
– Metabolism is a set of biochemical reactions occurring inside cells that help cells perform the characteristics of life such as growth, development, induction, and reproduction.
– Metabolism of matter is always accompanied by transformation of energy.
The answer to choose is: A
Question 19: When talking about matter metabolism in cells, which of the following statements is true?
A. In the process of matter metabolism, substances are moved from one location to another in the cell
B. Metabolism is the process of converting energy from one form to another
C. Metabolism is the process of photosynthesis and respiration that occurs in cells.
D. Metabolism is a collection of biochemical reactions that occur inside cells.
The answer:
Metabolism is a set of biochemical reactions occurring inside cells that help cells perform the characteristics of life such as growth, development, induction, and reproduction.
The answer to choose is: EASY
Question 20: When talking about matter and energy metabolism, which of the following statements is correct?
A. Metabolism of matter is always accompanied by transformation of energy
B. In the elderly, anabolism is always stronger than catabolism
C. Assimilation is the process of synthesizing complex organic substances and releasing energy
D. Metabolism is a collection of reactions occurring inside cells and extracellular fluids
The answer:
The correct statement is A.
B is wrong, in the elderly catabolism> assimilation
C is wrong, assimilation is the process of synthesizing complex organic substances, not generating energy
D is false, matter metabolism is a set of reactions that take place inside cells
The answer to choose is: A
Question 21: In addition to the nitrogen base, the remaining components of the ATP molecule are
A. 3 molecules of ribosome sugar and 1 phosphate group.
B. 3 molecules of deoxyribose sugar and 1 phosphate group,
C. 1 molecule of ribose sugar and 3 phosphate groups.
D. 1 deoxyribose sugar molecule and 3 phosphate groups.
The answer:
In addition to the nitrogenous base, the remaining components of the ATP molecule are 1 molecule of ribosome sugar and 3 phosphate groups.
The answer to choose is:
Question 22: In cells, ATP is mainly produced in
A. Mitochondria.
B. Cytoplasm
C. Chloroplasts.
D. Ribosomes.
The answer:
ATP is mainly produced in mitochondria.
The answer to choose is: A
Question 23: ATP is mainly produced in organelles
A. Chloroplast.
B. Endoplasmic reticulum
C. Mitochondria.
D. Golgi body.
The answer:
ATP is mainly produced in mitochondria.
The answer to choose is:
Question 24: ATP is an important molecule in metabolism because
A. It has high-energy phosphate bonds that are easily broken to release energy.
B. High-energy phosphate bonds are easy to form but not easy to break.
C. It is easily obtained from the extracorporeal environment.
D. It is extremely durable and carries a lot of energy.
The answer:
ATP has a bond between the last 2 phosphate groups that is easily broken to release energy (2 high-energy bonds). Each high-energy bond is broken releasing 7.3 kcal.
The answer to choose is: A
Question 25: ATP is considered “the energy currency of the cell” because
(1) ATP is a high-energy compound
(2) ATP readily transfers energy to other compounds through the transfer of the terminal phosphate group to those substances to form ADP
(3) ATP is used in all cellular activities that require energy
(4) Any organic matter that undergoes oxidation in the cell produces ATP.
The correct explanations in the above explanations are
A. (1), (2), (3)
B. (3), (4)
C. (2), (3), (4)
D. (1), (2), (3), (4)
The answer:
ATP is considered the “energy currency of the cell” because ATP is used in all life activities that require cell energy, all organic substances undergo oxidation in the cell to produce ATP.
The answer to choose is: GET
Question 26: Given the molecules:
(1) ATP (2) ADP (3) AMP (4) N2O
Molecules that carry high-energy bonds are
A. (1), (2)
B. (1), (3)
C. (1), (2), (3)
D. (1), (2), (3), (4)
The answer:
ATP and ADP have high-energy bonds in the molecule.
The answer to choose is: A
Question 27: The states of existence of energy are
A. Potential energy
B. Kinetic energy
C. Light energy
D. Both A and B
The answer:
Based on the state of existence of energy, we divide it into potential energy (stored form) and kinetic energy (ready to do work).
The answer to choose is: EASY
Question 28: Energy in cells usually exists latently and is mainly in the form of
A. Light energy.
B. Chemical energy.
C. Thermal energy.
D. Mechanical energy.
The answer:
In a cell, energy exists in the following forms: chemical energy, thermal energy, electrical energy, … In which, the main energy of the cell is chemical energy (energy in chemical bonds).
The answer to choose is: GET
Question 29: Which form of energy is the main form of latent energy in cells?
A. Electricity.
B. Light energy.
C. Chemical energy.
D. Mechanical energy.
The answer:
In a cell, energy exists in the following forms: chemical energy, thermal energy, electrical energy, etc. In which, the main energy of the cell is chemical energy (energy in chemical bonds).
The answer to choose is:
Question 30: The main form of energy that exists in cells is
A. Heat and potential energy
B. Chemical and kinetic energy
C. Thermal and chemical energy
D. Electric and kinetic energy.
The answer:
The main forms of energy that exist in cells are thermal and chemical energy.
The answer to choose is:
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